[En-Nut-Discussion] new to nutos usage (should be: LCD driver ...)
zvonko glibota
zvonkoglibota at hotmail.com
Sat Jun 26 15:51:28 CEST 2010
hello
now this is very confusing, is there a driver for lcd in nut os or not :)))
how do u write one in nutos anyway, it would be nice to have a detailed
explanation of this sort of thing, i can see some nutdevice and nutterminal sort of
structures in the code , is there a detailed explanation on how these structures
are used in device driver and interconnected together. i know its all in the source code
, (i know its all in the source, but following the source to understand the whole picture
is a bit of an overkill lol :))
thanks , keep up the good work all
> Date: Fri, 25 Jun 2010 10:45:45 +0200
> From: simonp at email.it
> To: en-nut-discussion at egnite.de
> Subject: Re: [En-Nut-Discussion] new to nutos usage (should be: LCD driver ...)
>
>
>
> Hi all,
>
> Ulrich, thank you very much for your reply,
> In my previous message i was actually referring to the impossibility
> to change LCD wiring configuration via NutOS configurator,
> now it seems that the problem is that there's no HD44780 driver
> for AVR architecture,( am i right ? ) and just writing one will
> solve all the issues.
>
> ;-) In this case be prepared to some help request ...
>
> Ciao!
> Paolo
>
>
>
>
> > ------------------------------
> >
> > Message: 2
> > Date: Tue, 22 Jun 2010 18:45:59 +0200
> > From: Ulrich Prinz <uprinz2 at netscape.net>
> > Subject: Re: [En-Nut-Discussion] new to nutos usage
> > To: "Ethernut User Chat (English)" <en-nut-discussion at egnite.de>
> > Message-ID: <4C20E8C7.4030003 at netscape.net>
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
> >
> > Hi!
> >
> > I wrote / reorganized the latest code for a character lcd on an at91
> > board like en3.x or EIR.
> > The driver is almost valid for any kind of CPU bus as I don't have any
> > AVR driven ethernut device, I cannot test. That's the reason why I kept
> > it in arch/arm/dev instead moving it to /dev.
> >
> > So if you take this driver as an example the porting should not be very
> > difficult.
> >
> > Best regards, Ulrich
> >
> > Am 21.06.2010 12:57, schrieb Paolo Simoncelli:
> >> Hi all,
> >>
> >> sorry zvonko, but i have had no good luck with LCD displays
> >> and ethernut, here is my experience:
> >>
> >>
> >> At first i haven't been able to make Jose's code work,
> >>
> >> it's using the builtin driver: (quite old post ...)
> >> http://lists.egnite.de/pipermail/en-nut-discussion/2007-March/007990.html
> >>
> >> maybe there's an open bug for that:
> >> http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=2995417&group_id=34079&atid=410687
> >> (BTW i will be glad to contribute for a fix ;-) )
> >>
> >> Next i went to the code reported on "Ethernut application note 001"
> >> but it did not even compiled at first (some editing needed,
> >> maybe it refers to old NutOS/Ethernut versions) anyway no luck at all :-(
> >>
> >> So, based on appnote001 sw& hw wiring, i wrote my own code,
> >> here follows a basic example, i have left the appnote001 comments
> >> plus some spaghetti programming examples ;-)
> >> sorry for the long post hope it will help ! ciao !
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> // -- LCD ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>
> >>
> >> /*
> >> Instruction Code Description
> >> D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
> >> Clear display 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Clears display and returns cursor to the home position (address 0). 1.64mS
> >> Cursor home 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 * Returns cursor to home position (address 0). Also returns display being
> >> shifted to the original position. DDRAM contents remains unchanged. 1.64mS
> >> Entry mode set 0 0 0 0 0 1 I/D S Sets cursor move direction (I/D), specifies to shift the display (S).
> >> These operations are performed during data read/write. 40uS
> >> Display On/Off control 0 0 0 0 1 D C B Sets On/Off of all display (D), cursor On/Off (C) and blink of cursor
> >> position character (B). 40uS
> >> Cursor/display shift 0 0 0 1 S/C R/L * * Sets cursor-move or display-shift (S/C), shift direction (R/L). DDRAM
> >> contents remains unchanged. 40uS
> >> Function set 0 0 1 DL N F * * Sets interface data length (DL), number of display line (N) and character
> >> font(F). 40uS
> >> Set CGRAM address 0 1 CGRAM address Sets the CGRAM address. CGRAM data is sent and received after this
> >> setting. 40uS
> >> Set DDRAM address 1 DDRAM address Sets the DDRAM address. DDRAM data is sent and received after this
> >> setting. 40uS
> >>
> >> Read busy-flag and address counter 0 1 BF CGRAM / DDRAM address Reads Busy-flag (BF) indicating internal operation is being
> >> performed and reads CGRAM or DDRAM address counter contents (depending on previous instruction). 0uS
> >> Write to CGRAM or DDRAM 1 0 write data Writes data to CGRAM or DDRAM. 40uS
> >> Read from CGRAM or DDRAM 1 1 read data Reads data from CGRAM or DDRAM. 40uS
> >> Remarks:
> >>
> >> */
> >>
> >>
> >> // HD44780 Commandset
> >>
> >> // 01h Clear display
> >> #define LCD_CLR 0 // DB0: clear display
> >>
> >> // 02h or 03h Return cursor home
> >> #define LCD_HOME 1 // DB1: return to home position
> >>
> >> // 04h 05h 06h 07h Entry mode set
> >> #define LCD_ENTRY_MODE 2 // DB2: set entry mode
> >> #define LCD_ENTRY_INC 1 // DB1: increment
> >> #define LCD_ENTRY_SHIFT 0 // DB2: shift
> >>
> >> // 08h 09h 0Ah 0Bh 0Ch 0Dh 0Eh 0Fh Display/Cursor ON OFF
> >> #define LCD_ON_CTRL 3 // DB3: turn lcd/cursor on
> >> #define LCD_ON_DISPLAY 2 // DB2: turn display on
> >> #define LCD_ON_CURSOR 1 // DB1: turn cursor on
> >> #define LCD_ON_BLINK 0 // DB0: blinking cursor
> >>
> >> #define LCD_MOVE 4 // DB4: move cursor/display
> >> #define LCD_MOVE_DISP 3 // DB3: move display (0-> move cursor)
> >> #define LCD_MOVE_RIGHT 2 // DB2: move right (0-> left)
> >>
> >> #define LCD_FUNCTION 5 // DB5: function set
> >> #define LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT 4 // DB4: set 8BIT mode (0->4BIT mode)
> >> #define LCD_FUNCTION_2LINES 3 // DB3: two lines (0->one line)
> >> #define LCD_FUNCTION_RE 2 // DB2: KS0073 Controller: Extended Register
> >> #define LCD_FUNCTION_10DOTS 2 // DB2: 5x10 font (0->5x7 font)
> >> #define LCD_FUNCTION_DS 1 // DB1: DisplayShift / DotScroll
> >> #define LCD_FUNCTION_REV 0 // DB0: Reverse Display
> >>
> >> #define LCD_EXT 3 // DB3: Extended Register Set
> >> #define LCD_EXT_FONT 2 // DB2: Fontwidth: 5 / 6 Pixel
> >> #define LCD_EXT_INVCURS 1 // DB1: Normal / Inverted Cursor
> >> #define LCD_EXT_4LINES 0 // DB0: 1/2 Lines (normal) or 4Lines
> >>
> >> #define LCD_CGRAM 6 // DB6: set CG RAM address
> >>
> >> #define LCD_DDRAM 7 // DB7: set DD RAM address
> >> // reading:
> >> #define LCD_BUSY 7 // DB7: LCD is busy
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> // Initializing the LCD
> >> // Some definitions first. As we find in the schematic, the LCD data port is connected to
> >> // the upper 4 bits of port D.
> >>
> >> #define LCD_DATA_DDR DDRD
> >> #define LCD_DATA_PORT PORTD
> >>
> >> // The two control lines are connected to bits 2 and 3 of port E.
> >>
> >> #define LCD_CTRL_DDR DDRE
> >> #define LCD_CTRL_PORT PORTE
> >> #define LCD_CTRL_E PE3
> >> #define LCD_CTRL_RS PE2
> >> #define LCD_CTRL_RW PE4
> >>
> >> // The LCD backlight is controlled by bit 6 on port B. (no backlight for now ...)
> >>
> >> // #define LCD_LIGHT_DDR DDRB
> >> // #define LCD_LIGHT_PORT PORTB
> >> // #define LCD_LIGHT_BIT PB6
> >>
> >> // Various delays
> >>
> >> #define LCD_PWRON_DELAY 10
> >> #define LCD_INIT_DELAY 4
> >> #define LCD_LONG_DELAY 2
> >> #define LCD_SHORT_DELAY 1
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> // Controlling the LCD
> >> // The initialization routine already uses other subroutines to send data bytes and
> >> // instructions to the LCD controller. Remember, that we drive the LCD in 4 bit mode. A
> >> // special routine named LcdSendNibble will send the upper four bits of a character
> >> // variable to the LCD data port. It sets the data lines and toggles the enable line.
> >>
> >> static inline void LcdSendNibble(u_char nib)
> >> {
> >> outp((inp(LCD_DATA_PORT)& 0x0F) | (nib& 0xF0), LCD_DATA_PORT);
> >> sbi(LCD_CTRL_PORT, LCD_CTRL_E);
> >> asm volatile("nop\n\tnop");
> >> cbi(LCD_CTRL_PORT, LCD_CTRL_E);
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> // Another routine called LcdSendByte sends a complete byte to the LCD controller by
> >> // calling LcdSendNibble twice.
> >>
> >> static inline void LcdSendByte(u_char ch, u_char xt)
> >> {
> >> LcdSendNibble(ch& 0xF0);
> >> LcdSendNibble(ch<< 4);
> >> NutDelay(xt);
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> // Finally two additional routines are provided to either send an instruction or a data byte.
> >> // Note, that only instructions need a specific delay time.
> >>
> >> static void LcdWriteCmd(u_char cmd, u_char xt)
> >> {
> >> cbi(LCD_CTRL_PORT, LCD_CTRL_RS);
> >> LcdSendByte(cmd, xt);
> >> }
> >>
> >> void LcdWriteChar(u_char ch)
> >> {
> >> sbi(LCD_CTRL_PORT, LCD_CTRL_RS);
> >> LcdSendByte(ch,LCD_SHORT_DELAY);
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >> void LcdWriteS(char *ch)
> >> {
> >> int i;
> >> char c;
> >>
> >> i=0;
> >> while((c=ch[i++])>0){
> >> LcdWriteChar(c);
> >> }
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >> // One of the most often used instructions to be send to the display is the clear
> >> // command, which blanks the display. A special routine LcdClear will do this.
> >>
> >> void LcdClear(void)
> >> {
> >> LcdWriteCmd(LCD_HOME,LCD_LONG_DELAY);
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >> // The initialization routine uses another command routine named LcdSwitch, which
> >> // switches on and off certain mode bits in the LCD controller.
> >>
> >> void LcdSwitch(u_char on, u_char off)
> >> {
> >> // switch_control |= on& LCD_SWITCH_ALL;
> >> // switch_control&= ~(off& LCD_SWITCH_ALL);
> >> // LcdWriteCmd(switch_control, LCD_SHORT_DELAY);
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >> // When calling LcdWriteChar instead of LcdWriteCmd, the characters of the specified
> >> // codes are displayed and the cursor is automatically advanced to the next character
> >> // position. In addition to the normal 7 bit ASCII character set the controller can display
> >> // many other characters. It is even possible to define up to 8 custom characters, which
> >> // however isn't explained in this application note.
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> // The LCD controller doesn't support cursor positioning on a specific column or row, but
> >> // requires a memory address. This is not a big deal on 2 line displays, but address
> >> // locations for the third and the second row depend on the number of columns being
> >> // displayed. On 4 line displays with 16 columns each, the values are:
> >>
> >> // #define LCD_ROW2_START 0x10
> >> // #define LCD_ROW3_START 0x50
> >> #define LCD_ROW2_START 0x14
> >> #define LCD_ROW3_START 0x54
> >>
> >>
> >> // Another routine called LcdSetCursor may be used to place the cursor to a specific
> >> // position.
> >>
> >> void LcdSetCursor(u_char row, u_char col)
> >> {
> >> u_char row_start[] = { 0x00, 0x40, LCD_ROW2_START, LCD_ROW3_START };
> >>
> >> LcdWriteCmd(0x80 | row_start[row& 0x03] | col, LCD_SHORT_DELAY);
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> // routine called LcdSetCursor may be used to place the cursor to a specific
> >> // position.
> >>
> >> void LcdWriteAt(u_char row, u_char col, char *ch)
> >> {
> >> LcdSetCursor(row,col);
> >> LcdWriteS(ch);
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> // A single routine is used to initialize all I/O lines and setup the LCD. Most notable is the
> >> // for loop somewhere in the middle of the routine. When the LCD is powered up, the
> >> // LCD controller will start in 8 bit mode. Switching it into 4 bit mode requires a specific
> >> // command sequence. The loop will send three nibbles of value 3, two of value 2 and
> >> // finally of value 8.
> >>
> >> void LcdInit(void)
> >> {
> >> u_char i;
> >>
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Set LCD read write low.
> >> */
> >> cbi(LCD_CTRL_PORT, LCD_CTRL_RW);
> >> sbi(LCD_CTRL_DDR, LCD_CTRL_RW);
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Set LCD register select low.
> >> */
> >> cbi(LCD_CTRL_PORT, LCD_CTRL_RS);
> >> sbi(LCD_CTRL_DDR, LCD_CTRL_RS);
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Set LCD enable low.
> >> */
> >> cbi(LCD_CTRL_PORT, LCD_CTRL_E);
> >> sbi(LCD_CTRL_DDR, LCD_CTRL_E);
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Set direction register of LCD data port.
> >> */
> >> sbi(LCD_DATA_DDR, 4);
> >> sbi(LCD_DATA_DDR, 5);
> >> sbi(LCD_DATA_DDR, 6);
> >> sbi(LCD_DATA_DDR, 7);
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Initialize for 4-bit operation.
> >> */
> >> NutDelay(LCD_PWRON_DELAY);
> >> for(i = 0;i<3; i++){
> >> LcdSendNibble(0x30);
> >> NutDelay(LCD_INIT_DELAY);
> >> }
> >>
> >> LcdSendNibble(0x20);
> >> NutDelay(LCD_SHORT_DELAY);
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * 4-bit mode, 2/4 lines, 5x7 matrix.
> >> */
> >> LcdWriteCmd(0x28,LCD_SHORT_DELAY);
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Switch display, cursor and cursor blinking off.
> >> */
> >> // LcdSwitch(0, LCD_SWITCH_ALL);
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Clear display.
> >> */
> >> LcdClear();
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Increment cursor when writing.
> >> */
> >> LcdWriteCmd((1<<LCD_ENTRY_MODE|1<<LCD_ENTRY_INC|0<<LCD_ENTRY_SHIFT),LCD_SHORT_DELAY);
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Set cursor appearance
> >> */
> >> LcdWriteCmd((1<<LCD_ON_CTRL|1<<LCD_ON_DISPLAY|1<<LCD_ON_CURSOR|1<<LCD_ON_BLINK),LCD_SHORT_DELAY);
> >>
> >>
> >> /*
> >> * Lit LED and switch display on.
> >> */
> >> // sbi(LCD_LIGHT_DDR, LCD_LIGHT_BIT);
> >> // sbi(LCD_LIGHT_PORT, LCD_LIGHT_BIT);
> >> // LcdSwitch(LCD_SWITCH_DISPLAY, 0);
> >>
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >> // -- END LCD --------------------------------------------------------
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> --
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> >
> >
> > ------------------------------
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > http://lists.egnite.de/mailman/listinfo/en-nut-discussion
> >
> >
> > End of En-Nut-Discussion Digest, Vol 80, Issue 15
> > *************************************************
> >
>
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